:root{
  --fn:"IBM Plex Sans","DM Sans",-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;
  --se:"Instrument Serif",Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;
  --page:#dceaf2;--body:#f5f9fb;--paper:#ffffff;--paper2:#f7fbfd;
  --ink:#0f172a;--muted:#334155;--soft:#64748b;--cyan:#0891b2;--cyan2:#06b6d4;--teal:#2dd4bf;
  --line:rgba(8,145,178,.16);--line2:rgba(15,80,100,.10);--shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(15,23,42,.055);
}
*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;background:var(--body)}
body{margin:0;background:var(--body);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--fn);font-size:17px;line-height:1.72;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;overflow-x:hidden}
.m4w-concept-shell{width:100%;max-width:1200px;margin:0 auto;background:var(--page);min-height:100vh;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(15,23,42,.03)}
/* Scoped nav alignment: uses shared nav component, does not modify shared CSS/JS. */
.m4w-nav-frame{width:100%;max-width:1200px;margin:0 auto;background:#fff;position:relative;z-index:10000;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(148,163,184,.18)}
.m4w-nav-frame #m4w-nav-root{width:100%;max-width:1200px;margin:0 auto}.m4w-nav-frame #m4w-nav-root .m4w-nav{width:100%!important;max-width:1200px!important;margin:0 auto!important;background:rgba(255,255,255,.985)!important}.m4w-nav-frame #m4w-nav-root .m4w-nav-wrap{max-width:1200px!important;padding-left:24px!important;padding-right:24px!important}
.crumbs{max-width:1100px;margin:16px auto 0;padding:0 36px;font-size:13px;color:var(--soft)}.crumbs a{color:#0e7490;text-decoration:none}.crumbs a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
.concept-page,.concept-index{max-width:1100px;margin:0 auto;padding:30px 36px 58px}.concept-hero{position:relative;overflow:hidden;text-align:center;padding:52px 42px 40px;margin:0 0 28px;border-radius:0 0 28px 28px;background:linear-gradient(180deg,#fff 0%,#f3fafc 100%);border:1px solid rgba(8,145,178,.13);border-top:0;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}
.concept-hero:before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:auto 12% 0;height:3px;background:linear-gradient(90deg,transparent,#0891b2,#22d3ee,transparent);opacity:.75}.eyebrow{font-size:12px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.13em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#0e7490;margin-bottom:10px}.concept-hero h1{font-family:var(--se);font-weight:400;font-size:clamp(40px,5.2vw,64px);line-height:1.02;letter-spacing:-.025em;margin:0 0 14px;color:#071827;text-wrap:balance}.concept-hero h1 em{font-style:italic;color:var(--cyan)}.subtitle{max-width:890px;margin:0 auto;color:#475569;font-size:clamp(17px,1.6vw,20px);line-height:1.58}.takeaway{margin:22px auto 0;max-width:900px;text-align:left;background:rgba(8,145,178,.06);border:1px solid rgba(8,145,178,.16);border-radius:16px;padding:16px 20px;color:#334155}.takeaway strong{color:#0e7490}
.content-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 270px;gap:24px;align-items:start}.article{background:rgba(255,255,255,.94);border:1px solid rgba(8,145,178,.12);border-radius:22px;padding:32px 36px;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}.article h2{font-family:var(--se);font-weight:400;font-size:clamp(27px,3vw,38px);line-height:1.13;margin:34px 0 12px;color:#071827;letter-spacing:-.012em}.article h2:first-child{margin-top:0}.article h3{font-family:var(--se);font-weight:400;font-size:23px;line-height:1.25;margin:26px 0 10px;color:#0f172a}.article p{margin:0 0 16px;color:#334155}.article ul,.article ol{margin:10px 0 18px;padding-left:1.35em;color:#334155}.article li{margin:6px 0}.article strong{color:#0f172a}.article blockquote{margin:22px 0;padding:14px 18px;border-left:4px solid #0891b2;background:#eef9fb;border-radius:12px;color:#334155}.callout{background:#eef9fb;border:1px solid rgba(8,145,178,.18);border-left:4px solid #0891b2;border-radius:16px;padding:18px 20px;margin:22px 0;color:#334155}.callout .label{display:block;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.11em;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;color:#0e7490;margin-bottom:6px}.principle{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(210px,1fr));gap:12px;margin:20px 0}.principle div{background:#f7fbfd;border:1px solid rgba(8,145,178,.12);border-radius:14px;padding:14px 16px}.principle strong{display:block;color:#0e7490;margin-bottom:4px}
.side{position:sticky;top:70px}.toc,.related{background:rgba(255,255,255,.94);border:1px solid rgba(8,145,178,.13);border-radius:18px;padding:18px;margin-bottom:16px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(15,23,42,.04)}.toc h3,.related h3{font-family:var(--se);font-weight:400;font-size:22px;margin:0 0 10px}.toc a,.related a{display:block;color:#0e7490;text-decoration:none;font-size:14px;line-height:1.35;padding:7px 0;border-top:1px solid rgba(8,145,178,.08)}.toc a:first-of-type,.related a:first-of-type{border-top:0}.toc a:hover,.related a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
.index-intro{background:#fff;border:1px solid rgba(8,145,178,.13);border-radius:22px;padding:28px 32px;margin-bottom:22px;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}.index-intro h2{font-family:var(--se);font-weight:400;font-size:34px;line-height:1.15;margin:0 0 10px;color:#071827}.index-intro p{margin:0;color:#334155}.concept-group{margin:26px 0 14px}.concept-group h2{font-family:var(--se);font-weight:400;font-size:34px;margin:0 0 10px;color:#071827}.concept-card-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(280px,1fr));gap:16px}.concept-card{display:block;position:relative;overflow:hidden;background:radial-gradient(circle at 88% 6%, rgba(45,212,191,.10), transparent 32%),linear-gradient(180deg,#fff,#f8fcff);border:1px solid rgba(15,80,100,.10);border-left:3px solid #0891b2;border-radius:16px;padding:22px 24px;text-decoration:none;color:#0f172a;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(15,23,42,.05);transition:transform .2s,box-shadow .2s,border-color .2s}.concept-card:hover{transform:translateY(-2px);border-color:rgba(8,145,178,.35);box-shadow:0 14px 32px rgba(8,145,178,.14)}.concept-card .num{display:inline-flex;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;color:#fff;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#0891b2,#06b6d4);border-radius:999px;padding:3px 9px;margin-bottom:12px}.concept-card h3{font-family:var(--se);font-weight:400;font-size:24px;line-height:1.15;letter-spacing:-.008em;margin:0 0 8px;color:#0f172a}.concept-card p{margin:0;color:#475569;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.55}.concept-card .tag{display:block;margin-top:12px;color:#0e7490;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase}.bottom-nav{max-width:1100px;margin:30px auto 0;padding:18px 0 0;border-top:1px solid rgba(8,145,178,.12);display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;flex-wrap:wrap}.bottom-nav a{color:#0e7490;text-decoration:none;font-weight:500;font-size:14px}.bottom-nav a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.footer-note{max-width:1100px;margin:0 auto;padding:26px 36px 44px;color:#64748b;font-size:13px;text-align:center}
@media(max-width:920px){.content-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.side{position:static;order:-1}.toc{display:none}.concept-page,.concept-index{padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px}.crumbs{padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px}.article{padding:24px 20px}.concept-hero{padding-left:22px;padding-right:22px}}@media(max-width:560px){body{font-size:16px}.concept-hero h1{font-size:38px}.bottom-nav{flex-direction:column}}

/* v8: static fallback nav shown only if the shared nav component fails to populate. */
.m4w-nav-fallback{height:42px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;padding:0 24px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.985);border-bottom:1px solid rgba(148,163,184,.18);font-family:var(--fn);}
.m4w-nav-fallback .brand{font-weight:900;letter-spacing:.055em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#0e7490;text-decoration:none;font-size:15px;white-space:nowrap}
.m4w-nav-fallback .links{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:20px;flex-wrap:nowrap}
.m4w-nav-fallback .links a{font-size:13px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.07em;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none;color:#263449;white-space:nowrap}
.m4w-nav-fallback .links a:hover{color:#0e7490}
.m4w-nav-frame.nav-ready .m4w-nav-fallback{display:none}
@media(max-width:720px){.m4w-nav-fallback .links{display:none}.m4w-nav-fallback{justify-content:center}}

.manual-note{margin:18px 0 0;background:#fff;border:1px solid rgba(8,145,178,.13);border-radius:16px;padding:16px 18px;color:#475569;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.55;box-shadow:0 4px 14px rgba(15,23,42,.035)}.manual-note strong{color:#0f172a}.manual-note a{color:#0e7490;text-decoration:none;font-weight:600}.manual-note a:hover{text-decoration:underline}