This is an interactive 3D surface plot for viewing model inputs and outputs.

Mouse and Keyboard Controls

- Freely Rotate the display about the axis origin with a left click+drag on the mouse.
- Rotate the z-axis around the origin by holding the Ctrl key with a left click+drag.
- Pan the display horizontally and vertically by holding the Shift key and left click+drag. Zoom in/out using the mouse wheel.
- Expand to full screen by double-clicking in the empty green space at the top of the interface.

Primary Display Options

Along the top of the chart interface are six drop-down menus for selecting different "primary" display options. Changing one of these options will instantly update the 3D graphic.

  A. Surface Type
  B. Materials Color Scheme
  C. Solid Color Toggle
  D. Top Surface Overlay
  E. Bottom Surface Overlay
  F. Boreholes Toggle
  F. 3D Surface Opacity

Additional Client-side Draw Options

Additional client-side options are available by clicking on the grey '>>' button in the top-left of the interface.

  i. Background, Zscale, Animate
  ii. Surface Offsets
  iii. Update Enclosure
  iv. TP Well Size
  v. Add Water Table
  vi. Add Layer Textures
  vii. Add 3D Point Data
  viii. Add Velocity Data
  ix. Add Particle Data
  x. Add Well Location
  xi. Add DataNet Layers

Server-side Draw Options

Finally, there are server-side draw options which require resubmitting the page request that can be accessed by clicking the red '>>' button at the bottom of the interface.

  1. Draw Cropping Area
  2. Vertical Exaggeration factor
  3. Show Bottom Cells
  4. Material Sets to Display
  5. Blanking
  6. Multiple IJK Slices (Fence Diagrams)
  7. Add Iso-Surface
  8. Add Solid 3D Surface

Primary Display Options

A. Surface Type

The 1st (left-most) drop-down menu controls how the simulation results are displayed along the outer surface of the model:
1 - As a solid colored surface (default setting) --- Surface
2 - As a solid colored surface with edges (grid lines) --- Surface with Edge
3 - As a colored 3D grid of model cell edges --- Wireframe
4 - As a 3D set of colored points --- Points
You can also choose to completely hide the 3D surface (e.g., when showing the 3D boreholes - see below) --- Hidden

B. Materials Color Scheme

The 2nd drop-down menu allows users to select a color scheme for the material categories. The default setting is 'custom', which uses the material colors selected earlier in the TP Model Data Options menu. Many other schemes are available.

C. Solid Color Toggle

The 3rd menu is a "master" switch between showing the TP model results on the surface (default setting), or by applying a single, solid color to the 3D surface (Solid Color option).

D. Top Surface Overlay

The 4th menu is used to add an overlay of the DEM (Digital Elevation Model) to the top of model (select 'TPbmp_top.bmp' option). There is also an option to display the model top surface as a solid color. By default, there is no top suface overlay (i.e., the TP results are shown).

E. Bottom Surface Overlay

The 5th menu is similar to the 4th menu, but for the bottom surface of the model. Select the 'TPbmp_bot.bmp' option to show the bottom model cells.

Recall that the simulation domain extends to the minimum elevation of borehole data, or the minimum elevation of the bedrock surface underlying unconsolidated sediments (depending on the user input). The grayish-blue cells along the bottom are the parts of model domain where the simulated results do not extend (e.g., these cells might represent the bedrock below unconsolidated sediments).

F. Boreholes Toggle

The 6th (right-most) drop-down menu is for toggling on/off categorized boreholes in the display. This is often used in conjunction with Blanking (i.e., hiding a portion of the results to see "inside" the model - see below) or when creating Fence Diagrams (extracting multiple slices from the 3D volume).

Selecting 'Well Only' will display the categorized boreholes as vertical lines; 'Tubing On' will display the boreholes as 3D cylinders (this make take time to load if there is a large number of boreholes).

G. 3D Surface Opacity

Use the slider to reduce or increase the opacity of the 3D surface.

Other Display Options

i. Background, Zscale, Animate

The top section of 'Other Options' allows users to customize the background color of the 3D display, and turn on/off the 3D plot axes in the display ('Show/Hide Cube Axes').

Zscale controls the vertical exxageration of the 3D display. By default, an "intelligent" exxageration ratio, Zr, is applied based on the horizontal and vertial extents of the model. An input field is available to allow specifying a user-provided exxageration ratio, Zf (exaggerated elevation = Z*Zf where Z is the original elevation). Applying a Zf of 1.0 allows the user to view the original elevation (no vertical exxageration).

Users can animate (automatically rotate) the 3D display by clicking the 'animate' button. The speed of the rotation of controlled with the 'fps' (frames per second) input field (higher fps means faster rotation, and vice versa).

ii. Surface Offsets

Users can modify the Top and Bottom (Bot) surfaces defining the model (strictly speaking, for the top-most layer; deeper layers can be added from DataNet - see Add DataNet Laters below).

Top Offset and Bot Offset: These text fields are used to raise or lower the top and bottom overlay surfaces by an offset. A positive offset raises the surface; a negative value lowers the surface. By default, very small offset is applied to the top and bottom overlays (+0.5 and -0.5+, respectively).

Opacity sliders are available to control the top and bottom surface layer opacity.

iii. Update Enclosure

Users can add an enclosure (or "curtains") extending from the Top surface to the Bottom surface along the sides of the model. Click the 'UpdateEnclosure' button a first time to add the enclosure. Change the color with the color palatte tool and click the button again to update the enclosure color.

iv. TP Well Size

TP Well Line Width: This controls the thickness of boreholes that are being displayed as vertical lines (applicable when using the TP Well Only option for displaying boreholes).

TP Well Tube Radius: use this text field to increase or decrease the borhole tube (cylinder) radius (applicable when using the Tubing On option for displaying boreholes).

v. Add Water Table

Click this button to add the last simulated water table to the 3D model display, either as a solid-colored surface or as a rendered contour map (contouring options available).

Once added, a drop-down menu is available to select from the contour surface representation, or solid-colored options (solid surface, as points, etc.)

An opacity slider controls the water table surface opacity. A color palette tool is available for choosing the color of solid-colored representations.

Click the checkbox to show the legend for the water table layer.

vi. Add Layer Textures

Click this button to add groundwater flow model layers (i.e., computational layers) as 3D textures in the 3D display.

By default, the layers will be displayed following the main model Display Settings assigned in Domain Attributes window (e.g., contours and vectors and black lines - the default plan view display).

Users can choose to show the layers texturs as:
- solid surface with color picker
- points along the grid with color picker
- wireframe with color picker
- solid surface with wireframe with color picker

Also available are show/hide toggles (for all layers, or for individual layers), and a opacity slider.

vii. Add 3D Point Data

Clicking this button adds 3D point data (i.e., with elevation (Z) information) that was previously loaded into the Scatter Data Spatial analysis Data Table (either currently loaded, or the last loaded onto your MAGNET4WATER account folder).

Several styling options are are available for the user:
- control the number of breaks (sub-divisions) to apply to the data
- control the relative size of the spherical point data
- filter out values below or above a specified minimum or maximum, respectively
- control the specific colors and sizes assigned to values in a certain range/bin

viii. Add Velocity Data

Click this button to add the last simulated groundwater velocity vectors to the 3D model display. Note that the model providing velocity data must have 2 or more computational layers (i.e., the vector data must be 3D).

Users also have the choice to load a saved velocity data file (.uvw extension). After running a groundwater flow model, save tthe velocity data file for uploading to IGW-NET at a later time:
- Run Simulation
- Analysis Tools > Analysis > Post Analysis > Magnet GW
- Download Others >> (expand options)
- Check box next to '3D Velocity' and click 'Apply'. This downloads a .zip folder containing the .uvw velocity file.

Note that files downloaded from a Premium IGW-NET account will be encrypted and, if to be used in an external program, need to be decrypted with the same IGW-NET Premium account: Analysis Tools > Utilities > Decrypt Files

Velocity Draw Options

MaxV controls the maximum length of the velocity vectors (number-of-pixels-long).

CutoffV sets the upper limit of velocities to display. Check the box next to 'Exclude V>Vcut' to hide velocities above the CutoffV value.

Arrow Head Factor: this controls the relative size of the arrow head and arrow shaft within the 3D display. (Increase Arrow Head Factor to make the heads and shafts larger/thicker, and vice versa.)

Skip-X / Skip-Y : The density of velocity vectors is determined by the number grid cells to skip before drawing another velocity vector, both in the X (W-E) and Y (N-S) directions. Use the text boxes provided to control this (see Skip-X and Skip-Y).

Slicing: Check this box create cross-sectional views of the 3D velocity vectors, allowing for analysis of velocities across different planes. Control the slicing in the X-, Y-, and Z- directions using the Slice-I, Slice-J, and Slice-K input fields, respectively (i.e., cell index values along which to create the cross-section(s)). Separate multiple cross-sections in a single direction using a ",".

Blanking: Check this box to remove/obscure ("blank") certain areas of the velocity field, allowing to isolate specific data points or to focus on particular aspects of the model. Control the area to be blanked with the starting indices (Is, Js, Ks) and ending indices (Ie, Je, Ke) in the X-, Y-, and/or Z-direction.

Equal Length : check this box to make all arrows the same length and size, regardless of the groundwater velocity they represent.

ix. Add Particle Data

Click this button (and follow the on-screen prompts) to add the last particle tracking simulation to the 3D model display. Note that you must first have created a .PTLS file on the server (see below).

Users also have the choice to load a saved particle tracking data file (.ptls extension).

CREATING A .PTLS FILE: First, go to Domain Attributes menu (Conceptual Model Tools > DomainAttr), Simulation Settings tab, and check the box next to 'Save PTK results'. After running a groundwater flow model with particle tracking, save the particle tracking results: Other Tools > SaveModel > Latest Particle Results. This downloads the .ptls file from the latest model to your local machine.

Particle Controls include show/hide toggle, color picker, particle sphere size, and an opacity slider.

Pathline Controls include show/hide toggle, and a color picker.

x. Add Well Location

Click this button to add wells from the last simulated groundwater model, or from wells that are currently loaded into the Scatter Data Spatial analysis Data Table.

Well screen elevation information (well screen top elevation, or Zf, and bottom elevation, Zt) should be provided in the Data Table or in the Well Input Options interface (for wells from models). If Zt and Zt are not provided, the well screen will be centered at a distance from the surface that is two-thirds the depth of the aquifer at that location.

xi. Add DataNet Layers

Click this button to add raster (WCS) data layers from a previously constructed DataNET 3DVTK model in the same area as the IGW-NET 3D model. A prompt will ask if you want to load an existing DataNET 3DVTK model, or load the latest from the server.

If no existing DataNET 3DVTK model is available , you can first open a 'Child' (linked) DataNET page and create a new DataNET 3DVTK model:
1 - In IGW-NET, go to: Analysis Tools > Data Explorer > DataNET
2 - after Child DataNET page is loaded, switch to DataNET browser tab and sign into your MAGNET4WATER account.
3 - Open the DataNET Layer Library: Data Layers > Search Library
4 - Find and select raster (WCS) data layers to be used in the 3D model
5 - Go to: 3D Visualization > Cartesian View (X,Y,Z) > Build & Edit Data Layer Model
6 - In Render VTK3D Data plot, select 'Add Data' option and then click 'Render'

After the DataNET 3DVTK model is rendered in DataNET, you can go back to IGW-NET and now click 'Add DataNET Layers' to import the layer(s) from DataNET. (You can also click 'Download Model' in DataNET VTK3D Model interface, and then load this file inside IGW-NET after clicking 'Add DataNET Layers'.)

DataNET Layer Options

Click 'Hide/Show' to toggle the layers on and off in the 3D display.

Click More Options to customize the DataNET Layers:
- Rename or delete the Layer

- Add or remove Layer "Base" (side curtain and min. elevation surface)
- Add/remove and customize the color of an enclosure (side curtain) between 2 DataNET Layers
- Overlay type (solid color, colored elevation map, or local image draping), overlay opacity, and overlay vertial offset.
- Return to default rendering ('Defaut color' button)

If a ELEV (elevation) map overlay is selected, users can check the box next to 'Legend' to add to the 3DVTK legend dissplay.

Server-side Draw Options

The following set of options require resubmitting the page request to implement the changes by clicking the 'Redraw' button.

1. Draw Cropping Area

Click this button to draw a model sub-area for 3D cropping (clipping). Doing so will turn the cursor into a large '+' (cross-hair) when hovering over the map display. Click on the map to outline the shape of the subarea. When you are finished, click SaveShape (Conceptual Model Tools > SaveShape). Then go back to the IGW-NET3D Surface Plot interface and click Redraw to update the graphic.

2. Vertical Exaggeration factor

A vertical exaggeration factor is automatically computed based on the horizontal to vertical extent ratio of the model domain. The user can increase or decrease this factor by changing the multiplier in the provided text field from a 1.0 to a larger or smaller value. For example, entering 2.0 in the text field will double the computed exaggeration factor; entering 0.5 will reduce the factor by half its computed value.

3. Show Bottom Cells

As mentioned above, the grayish-blue cells along the bottom are the parts of model domain where the simulated results do not extend (e.g., these cells might represent the bedrock below unconsolidated sediments). Uncheck the box next to 'Show Bottom Cells' to remove these cells from the 3D visualization.

4. Material Sets to Display

By default, all material categories (e.g., AQ, MAQ, PCM, CM) are shown in the graphic. Change from default "All Materials" option to 'Single Matieral' or 'Combination (2 Materials Only) to show the spatial distribution of a single material or two material categories, respectively. Use the drop-down menu(s) that become available to select the material type(s) to display.

5. Blanking

The user can "blank" or make hidden a portion of the model domain defined by the range of cells to be blanked in the x- (west-east), y- (north-south), and/or z- (vertical) direction. For a given direction, the range of cells can be defined by starting and ending cell index, or by the percentage of model extent (staring and ending percentages).

6. Multiple IJK Slices (Fence Diagrams)

This features allows creating multiple cross-sections and displaying them in three-dimensions. To use it, check the box next to 'Multiple IJK Slices (Fence Diagram)'. Then use the provided text fields to indicate the positions in the model to extract a cross-section, and in which direction.

For example, to draw an cross-section in the x-direction (from west-to-east) along the J=10 cell (10th cell in y-direction), you would enter a 10 in the text field next to 'I-direction'. To add two cross sections in the y-direction (from north-to-south) along the the I=5 and I=15 cells (5th and 15th cells in the x-direction), you would enter 5,15 in the text field next to 'J-direction. And so on...

Enter -1 for no slicing in a particular direction.

7. Add Iso-Surface

Check the box next to 'Add Iso-Surface' of head, concentration, or conductivity 3D iso-surfaces from the last simulated 3D groundwater model. Users can also select 'Interpolation' option to display iso-surfaces extracted from last 3D interpolation result generated in the Scatter Data Spatial Analysis tool (Analysis Tools > Data Explorer > Data Analysis), assuming current 3D model and 3D interpolation results are contained in the same area.

The user can "blank" or make hidden a portion of the iso-surface, defined by the percentage of model extent (starting and ending percentages) in the x- (west-east), y- (north-south), and/or z- (vertical) direction.

Iso-surface values are selected in the 3D Surface Plot (in case of showing iso-surface from 3D model) or in the Scatter Data Spatial Analysis tool (iso-surface from 3D interpolation).

8. Add Solid 3D Surface

Check the box next to 'Add Solid 3D Surface' of head, concentration, or conductivity 3D solids from the last simulated 3D groundwater model. Users can also select 'Interpolation' option to display 3D solids extracted from last 3D interpolation result generated in the Scatter Data Spatial Analysis tool (Analysis Tools > Data Explorer > Data Analysis), assuming current 3D model and 3D interpolation results are contained in the same area.

Users can "blank" or make hidden a portion of the 3D solid, defined by starting and ending cell index in the x- (west-east), y- (north-south), and/or z- (vertical) direction.

Users can also remove/obscure ("blank") certain areas of the 3D solid. Control the area to be blanked with the starting indices (Is, Js, Ks) and ending indices (Ie, Je, Ke) in the x-, y-, and/or z-direction.